Ancient Egypt
         

Page by Anneke Bart
 

Kings and Queens

4th dynasty
Seneferu, Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Djedefre, etc.

11th dynasty
Kings named Mentuhotep and Intef
12th dynasty
Amenemhet I - IV,
Senusret I-III

18th dynasty
Amenhotep I-IV,
Tuthmosis I-IV, Akhenaten, Tutankhamen, Aye, Horemheb, etc.
19th dynasty
Sety I-II, Ramesses I-II, Merenptah, Amenmesses, Tawosret.

20th dynasty
Sethnakht, Ramesses III
Ramesses IV - XI




Cleopatra VII Philopator
Queens (D1-6)- Old Kingdom
Queens (D11-13) Middle Kingd.
Queens (D16-20)- New Kingdom
Queens (D21-29)- Late Period


 

Officials, Priesthood etc.
Viziers (New Kingdom)
High Priests of Amun
God's Wives of Amun
High Priests of Ptah
Viceroys of Nubia
Who's who of New Kingdom


Amarna Period
Akhenaten
Queen Nefertiti
inscriptions Queen Nefertiti.
Queen Kiya
Smenkhare
Tutankhamen
Tombs at Amarna
Houses at Amarna
 
Tombs:
Valley of the Kings,
Valley of the Queens
Theban Tombs,
Tombs at Abydos
Tombs at El Kab
Tombs in Aswan
Early dynastic Saqqara
New Kingdom Saqqara
The Unis Cemetary
 
Mastabas at the Giza Plateau
Giza Mastabas 1000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 2000 cemetary
Giza Mataba 2300 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 4000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 5000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 6000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 7000 cemetary
 

Mummy Caches
Tomb DB320
Tomb KV35


Links



Queen Sitamen







(Sitamen)| King's daughter and Great Royal Wife (From Malqata)

Her name is sometimes written as Sit-Amun, Sat-Amen or Sat-Amun

Sitamen is usually thought to have been the daughter-wife of Amenhotep III. She is said to be the daughter of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye in some inscriptions. Some have speculated that Sitamun was actually the daughter of Tuthmosis IV and Queen Iaret, but there does not seem to be any firm evidence for this.

Sitamun is known to have married Amenhotep in year 30, probably during the celebration of his first Hebsed festival. In some of the older literature (Hayes in 1948 f.i.) is is speculated that Sitamen was the mother of Smenkhare, Nefertiti, Mutnodjemet and Tutankhamen. There is (to my knowledge) no evidence however linking Sitamen to any of these four royal figures.

The famous Amunhotep, son of Hapu was the Steward of Queen Sitamun, and finds at Malqata show that she must have lived in this grand palace on the west bank near Thebes. There are records of jar labels that refer to "The House of the King's Daughter, Sitamun".
Her estates produced ale and other commodities.

Some of her furniture was found in the tomb of Yuya and Tuya. The tomb contebts included several chairs that seem to have belonged to Sitamen.



It is interesting to note that on one of the chairs Sitamen is shown seated on a throne wearing rather rare regalia. Her short (nubian) wig is covered by a circlet and the wig is topped with a modius with lotus flowers. Ladies are shown offering gold to Sitamen in tribute. This scene showing a Princess-Queen receiving such gifts is rare.


Amenhotep, son of Hapu
Sitamen may have been meant to be buried in Amenhotep III's tomb (KV22) in the Valley of the Kings. There are two chambers, each with two pillars and a storeroom, leading off the king's burial chamber. One may have been intended for Queen Tiye and the other for Princess-Queen Sitamen.



Artefacts related to Sitamun:


Chair from the tomb of Yuya and Tuya (KV 46) (now in Cairo)
On this chair she is simply called King’s Great Daughter, whom he loves Sitamen (no cartouche)


    
A small chair depicting Sitamen receiving tribute.
On the front we see two small sculptures in the ound depicting Sitamen
Chair from tomb of Yuya and Tuya
The great royal wife Tiye is seated on a throne on a papyrus skiff. A cat is seated below her chair, a small unnamed princess stands behind her chair and before her we see the king’s daughter, whom he loves, praised by the Lord of the Two Lands (Sitamen)|.
Sitamen is shown offering lotus flowers with her right hand, while her left hand clasps a fan. She is dresses in a short kilt. She wears a short wig with a side lock and a modius topped with water lilies.

Statue of Amenhotep-son-of-Hapu
On the pedestal Sitamen is mentioned.

Kohl Tube and Disk (Oxford)

Faience kohl tube (Metropolitan Museum of Art)
Inscribed for “the good god (Nebmaatre)|  King’s Daughter Great Royal Wife (Sitamen)| may she live,”

Calcite bowl found in Amarna.
The original inscription named Sitamen: “King’s Daughter and King’s Wife, born of the Great King’s Wife, Tiye”. The inscription was later altered and Sitamen’s name was replaced by that of Amenhotep III.


Objects related to other Princesses / Queens named Sitamen:

Stela from the royal nurse Nebetkabeny (from Abydos)
Depicted as a princess with her nurse 
Dated to the time of Tuthmosis III in Porter and Moss and by Cline and O'Connor. Refers to a daughter of Ahmose by the same name.


Queen with flywisk (Petrie Museum)

This scene comes from excavations in a western Thebes mortuary temple.
Thought by some to refer to a daughter of Amenhotep II by the same name,  or possibly an even earlier Sitamen, daughter of Ahmose?
See Digitalegypt



Officials associated with Sitamen:

Merymery (Mrjj-mrjj), Scribe of the army of the Lord of the Two Lands, Steward of the King’s daughter Sitamun (S3t-jmn)
, etc., Mention of son Huy, Scribe of the army. http://griffith.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/gri/8ste470.pdf
Another stela shows Merymery, Scribe of the army (dedicator of the stela) libating before Pa-en-djerty and wife seated at table. Merymery before a man and wife Ipu at a table, with the names of Pa-en-djerty and Wedj, Elder of the jury, on jambs.
http://griffith.ashmus.ox.ac.uk/gri/8ste400.pdf

Amenhotep, son of Hapu, was the Steward for the estates of Queen Sitamen. He served in this capacity as early as year 30 and was still in office in year 34. He was the son son of Hapu and the Lady Itu and was born a commoner. He was highly regarded by the King, and he was ultimately deified in Ptolemaic times.
(Inscriptions from the Palace of Amenhotep III by W. C. Hayes Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 10, No. 2. (Apr., 1951), pp. 82-112.)

 





Comments: email barta@slu.edu