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Taharqa
Horus name: Qaikhau
Nebty name: Qaikhau
Golden Falcon name: Khutawy
Prenomen: Khuinefertemre
Nomen: Taharqo
(about 690-664 BC)
Son Of Piye and Queen Abar. King Taharqa (690-664 BC) succeeded his
brother Shabataka. He is regarded as a ruler who re-united the Land
after the defeat against the Assyrians by Shabataka, which would have
influenced internal rebellions. He is also regarded as the king who
lost the entire land to the Assyrians shortly after .
Taharqa followed by his mother
Abar offering to the gods.
Gebel Barkal - room C.
Lepsius Denkmahler
V
Taharqa's 26 year reign stands out from any other in the Third
Intermediate Period by the extent of the building program he
implemented in the first sixteen years of his reign, and the extent of
the fighting against the Assyrians in the later years. Taharqa invested
considerable resources into celebrating the glory of Amon, first in his
native Kingdom of Napata, later in his Egyptian territories as well.
Respectful of Egypt's cultural heritage, Taharqa set out to draw on the
traditions of the Old and Middle Kingdoms, using new materials
(previous Intermediate Period cash-strapped kings had taken to
pilfering stone from older buildings) to restore and build anew. In the
kingdom of Napata, he built in every important site: Sanam, Napata, Abu
Dom, and Kawa. In Kawa particularly, he rebuilt and expanded a temple
complex that became the second most important in Kush. In Egypt, it’s
at Karnak that he made the greatest impact, thanks to the man he
installed as Mayor of the City: the great Nubian Mentuemhet, a man who
took an extraordinary pride out of his title as a fourth prophet to
Amon. At Karnak, the Sacred Lake structures, the kiosk in the first
court, and the colonnades at the temple entrance are all owed to
Taharqa and Mentuemhet. Memphis, the capital of the Old Kingdom and
royal residence of Kushite kings also received much attention,
respecting the importance of Ptah, despite the Kushite's devotion to
Amun.
Taharqa also warred against the Assyrians in Sydon around 677 BC which
caused Esarhaddon’s campaigns against Lower Egypt in the following
years. In 674 BC, King Esarhaddon of Assyria, angered over the Egyptian
interference with his vassal states in Palestine and attacked Egypt.
Taharqa swiftly rebuked their advance, and caused the invaders to
retreat. But another three years later, in 671 BC, the Assyrians try
again and succeed. The Delta subsequently falls into Assyrian
possession while Taharqa escapes to Thebes. The Assyrians take Memphis,
capture the royal queen and the crown prince and establish native
puppet-chieftains and their representatives in all key positions. In
Sais, a certain prince Nekau (Necho) swears allegiance to the Assyrians
and his son is sent to Assyria for political training. As soon as the
Assyrians leave the country to their Egyptian vassals, Taharqa drives
his forces north again and regains full control of Egypt. In 669 BC
Taharqa would have restored his rule over the complete Delta-region. In
667 BC, the Assyrians come back though, pushing much further south this
time.
Taharqa flees to Napata this time and the Assyrians once again get
Egyptian governors to pledge allegiance to Assyria. When they leave
again, several local kings and governors plot to bring Taharqa back.
But this time, the Assyrians squelch the insurrection by having all
plotters assassinated. The only surviving Egyptian is Nekau, who had
prudently abstained from participating in the plot while his son (the
future Psamtik I) was still in the hands of the Assyrians. Taharqa now
was betrayed a second time by the alien chiefs of the Delta and
abandoned his hopes of ever regaining Egypt. Mentuemhet, the governor
of Thebes, remained loyal to Taharqa, as did the Divine Adoratrice of
Amon. (Text by Bart v. A.)
Burial: Pyramid Nuri 1 http://users.pandora.be/royalnames/nubians/rulers/taharqo.htm
Wives:
- Tabekenamun
King’s Daughter , King’s Wife King’s
Sister etc. Daughter of Piye. Wife of Taharqa or Shebitqa. (Dodson
–Hilton, Grajetzki) Known from Cairo Statue 49 157 from Karnak
- Naparaye.
King’s Sister, King’s Wife, etc. Wife of
Taharqa. Buried in el-Kurru pyramid 3. (Dodson –Hilton, Grajetzki)
Known from an alabaster offering stone. http://users.pandora.be/royalnames/nubians/royals/naparaye.htm
- Takahatamun
King’s Sister, King’s Wife, etc. Wife
of Taharqa. Shown behind Taharqa in Gebel Barkal Temple. (Dodson
–Hilton, Grajetzki) Daughter of Piye (Dunham and Macadam)
Inscription at Barkal. Reisner proposed Nuri 21 as her pyramid. http://users.pandora.be/royalnames/nubians/royals/takahatamani.htm
- Atakhebasken,
Great Royal Wife. Possibly a wife of
Taharqa, buried in a puramid in Nuri. (Dodson –Hilton, Grajetzki)
Pyramid Nuri 36. http://users.pandora.be/royalnames/nubians/royals/atakhebasken.htm
- [A]salka. Mother of
Atlanersa and possibly wife of Taharqa. (Dunham and Macadam)
Sons:
Daughter
- Amenirdis
II, King’s Daughter, Adoratrice, God’s Hand. Adopted by
Shepenwepet II as heir and hence second in line for the position of
God’s Wife of Amun.The position was eventually inherited by Nitokris I
though. Buried in Medinet Habu. http://users.pandora.be/royalnames/nubians/royals/amenirdis%20II.htm
- Yuterow. Buried in
Nuri 53. Daughter of Taharqa and wife of Atlanersa. (Dunham and
Macadam) Painted on walls of burial chamber ; heart scarab; on
destroyed pylon of Barkal 700.
Statue of a god, possibly with
the features of Taharqa.
Last edited: February 2008
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