Ancient Egypt
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by Anneke Bart
Ancient Egypt |
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Page
by Anneke Bart
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 Kings and Queens 4th dynasty Seneferu, Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Djedefre, etc. 11th dynasty Kings named Mentuhotep and Intef 12th dynasty Amenemhet I - IV, Senusret I-III 18th dynasty Amenhotep I-IV, Tuthmosis I-IV, Akhenaten, Tutankhamen, Aye, Horemheb, etc. 19th dynasty Sety I-II, Ramesses I-II, Merenptah, Amenmesses, Tawosret. 20th dynasty Sethnakht, Ramesses III Ramesses IV - XI Cleopatra VII Philopator Queens (D1-6)- Old Kingdom Queens (D11-13) Middle Kingd. Queens (D16-20)- New Kingdom Queens (D21-29)- Late Period Officials, Priesthood etc. Viziers (New Kingdom)
High Priests of Amun God's Wives of Amun High Priests of Ptah Viceroys of Nubia Who's who of New Kingdom
Amarna Period Akhenaten
Queen Nefertiti inscriptions Queen Nefertiti. Queen Kiya Smenkhare Tutankhamen Tombs at Amarna Houses at Amarna
Tombs: Valley
of the Kings,
Valley of the Queens Theban Tombs, Tombs at Abydos Tombs at El Kab Tombs in Aswan Early dynastic Saqqara New Kingdom Saqqara The Unis Cemetary  Mastabas at the Giza Plateau Giza
Mastabas 1000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 2000 cemetary Giza Mataba 2300 cemetary Giza Mastaba 4000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 5000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 6000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 7000 cemetary Mummy Caches |
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Queen Tiye: Titles:
Hereditary Princess (iryt-p`t) Great of Praises (wrt-hzwt) Sweet of Love (bnrt-mrwt) Lady of The Two Lands (nbt-t3wy) King’s Wife (hmt-nisw) Great King’s Wife (hmt-niswt-wrt), King’s Wife, his beloved (hmt-nisw meryt.f), Mistress of Upper and Lower Egypt (hnwt-Shm’w-mhw) Mistress of the Two Lands (hnwt-t3wy)
Daughter of Yuya and Tuya and wife of
Amenhotep III.
  Yuya and Tuya were the non
royal parents of Queen Tiye.
Yuya was commander of the Chariotry, God's Father and High Priest of Min. Tuya was Chief of the Harem of Amun and Min.
Tiye was the daughter of Yuya, the
High Priest of Min from Akhmin and his wife , the chief of the Harem
Tuya. Tiye had at least one brother Anen who later rose to the position
of Second Priest of Amun in Karnak. Tiye must have been quite young
herself when she was married of to the young Pharaoh Amenhotep III.
Tiye is mentioned on several marriage scarabs and other documents from
early in the reign. Later during the reign of Amenhotep III she became
a very iinfluential lady at court. It is interesting for instance to
note that several large statues exist that show Tiye depicted at the
same size as her husband. The dyad that is now in the Cairo Museum is a
good example. A temple was dedicated to Queen Tiye in
Sedeinga, Nubia during the latter part of Amenhotep's reign. Tiye
represents the "eye of Re" and her temple is the female counterpart to
a larger temple dedicated to Amenhotep III nearby. Some see these dual
temples as a fore runner of the double temple complex of Ramesses II
and his wife Nefertari at Abu Simbel. Tiye gave birts to several children during
her marriage to Amenhotep III. She is depicted with several daughters
in for instance the temple at Soleb. Two royal princesses, Sitamen and
Isis, are among the royal princesses thought to be her daughters. These
two royal women would later be elevated to the rank of great royal wife
by their father. It is usually thought that Tiye was also the
mother of the heir to the throne Tuthmosis. We do know that Tiye was
the mother of Amenhotep III's successor Akhenaten. There are some Amarna letters that indicate
that Tiye held some influence at court. Tushratta, King of Mitanni,
wrote a letter to Queeen Tiye after Akhenaten came to the throne, and
in a later letter to Akhenaten, a referrence to his mother is made in
the opening paragraph. Scenes in the tomb of Huya, Queen Tiye's
Steward, in Amarna shows that the Queen mother made a visit to
Aketaten. She is shown with a young princess named Baketaten. Queen
Tiye is shown at banquets with the royal family. She is also depicted
during a visit to her sunshade. She is led to this temple by her son
Akhenaten and the princess Beketaten is shown accompanying her on this
trip as well. It is not know when exactly Queen Tiye died,
but it is generally assumed that her death took place somewhere around
year 14 of the reign of Akhenaten. She may have been buried at Amarna
at first, but part of a canopy belonging to Queen Tiye was found in
KV55. This may mean that she was re-interred somewhere in the Valley of
the Kings. It is possible that she may have been laid to rest in the
set of rooms prepared for her earlier in the tomb of her husband
Amenhotep III. A lock of hair thought to be hers shows a
possible match to the hair of the mummy called "the elder lady" from
KV35. It is therefor possible that after the new kingdom her body was
re-buried (again).
Anen, Second Prophet of Amen, Seal-bearer of the King. Left office in the fourth decade of Amenhotep's reign. Son of Yuya and Tuya. Mentioned on his mother's sarcophagus. Buried in TT120 in Thebes.  Second Priest of Amun, Greatest of Seers, Anen. Son of Yuya and Tuya, and bother of Queen Tiye. Bekenamun named Beky , Second wab priest of Harsiesi, Head of pastry cooks of the estate of Queen Tiye Bekenamun was married to the lady Tainheret. He was a son of Huy and the lady Hemutnefert. From a collection of stelae from the Griffith Institute Huya (Tomb 1 in Amarna) the favorite of the Lord of the Two Lands, the overseer of the royal quarters of the Great King's Wife Tiye, treasurer and steward in the house of the King's Chief Wife, Tiye. Huya is only attested in Amarna. He is appointed Steward to Queen Tiye in Amarna according to the inscriptions in his tomb in Amarna. In his tomb he is accompanied by his wife Wenher, and his mother Tuy. In other scenes there is mention of two possible sisters of Huya, by the name of Nebet and Kherpu(t). Mentioned in the tomb are the scribe of the House of Charm, Nakhtiu and the Overseer of the sculptors of the king's chief wife Tiye, named Iuti-Iuti. Iuti-Iuti. Overseer of the sculptors of the king's chief wife Tiye. Iuty is shown in Huya's tomb in Amarna. Iuty is shown working on a statue of the princess Baketaten.  The overseer of the sculptors of Queen Tiye is shown making a statue of Princess Baketaten. From de Garies Davies (Rock Tombs of Amarna) Kheruef called Sen'aa (TT192) Steward for Queen Tiye, Royal Scribe, First Herald to the King Kheruef was the son of Siked - scribe of the army of the Lord of the Two Lands, and Ruiu - Royal worshipper, Chantress of Isis, Mother of the God. In Kheruef’s tomb there are depictions of the first and third heb sed festival from year 30 and 37. Kheruef had started out as first king’s herald, and later was appointed steward to Queen Tiye. During the 30 year festival Kheruef received a gold collar as an award. (O’Conner, Cline, pg 86-87, 217-218, 300-304)
Scarabs Year 11 The Living Horus Strong Bull Appearing in Truth. He of the Two Goddesses Establishing Laws, Pacifying the Two Lands. The Golden Horus, Great of Valour, Smiting the Asiatics. King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands, Neb-Maat-Re Son of Re, Amenhotep Ruler of Thebes, given life The Great Royal Wife Tiye, may she live. The name of her father is Yuya, the name of her mother is Tuya.. She is the wife of the mighty king whose southern boundary is as far as Karoy, whose northern is as far as Naharin. (For example: Kunsthistorisches Museum Inv. no.: AOS 3878) Marriage to Gilukhepa Lionhunt;
Liverpool M12400 Kunsthistorisches Museum Inv. no.: AOS 2065 "The perfect god Neb-Maat-Re (Amenhotep III), given life. The royal wife Tiye, may she live."
Temples
Mortuary Temple at Kom el Hettan:  Queens at the left and right side of the Memnon Colossi. (Photos by Mary Ann Sullivan) Colossal seated statues of Amenhotep III. Smaller statues of Queen Tiye and Queen-Mother Mutemwia appear next to the legs of the Pharaoh.   Tiye Close-up of Tiye. Note slight red coloring on Modius. (Photo by Yuti) (Photo by Sesen) II. Colossal Statue of Amenhotep III at second Pylon, Queen next to left leg: Great Royal wife Tiye.  (Photo by Mary Ann Sullivan) Amenhotep III, Tiye and Princesses Isis, Nebetah and [..name lost..]  A stela found behind the colossi at Thebes. For complete image with all of the text, see: Lepsius Abt III, Band 5, Bl. 72 Temple at Sedeinga,
dedicated to Queen Tiye Head of Queen Tiye,
probably Sedeinga; Boston Museum
of Fine Arts 21.2802 Temple at
Soleb  Tiye with Amenhotep III, From Lepsius Abt III, Band 5, Bl. 84   Tiye and Amenhotep III depicted during the heb-sed festival at Soleb From Lepsius Abt III, Band 5, Bl. 85 and From Lepsius Abt III, Band 5, Bl. 86 Reliefs and StatuesRelief of Queen Tiye, Brussels E.2157  See top of the page as well.Relief from one of the walls of tomb of the 'chief of the royal harem' Userhat (TT47). She wears a tripartite wig. Only the lower part of the traditional crown of queens is preserved. Her diadem is decorated at front with two protective uraei, and at the rear with a falcon in place of the more usual vulture. In her hand Tiye holds a lotus. Originally from Kom Medinet Ghurab. The statuette was probably fitted into the pedestal at a later date. The four lines of inscription on the base mention the title and name of Queen Tiye: "Princess, great of favour, Lady of the Two Shores, the Beloved, the Desired, Mistress of Upper Egpyt and Lower Egypt great of splendour, with holy jewelry, Great Royal Wife Tiye, may she live."
Statue of
Queen Tiye from the Louvre N 2312, E 25493  This granite head shows the vulture and double ureaus insignia on the Queen's brow.
The head was changed in antiquity. The double plumes were addded later, and may reflect a change in status of the Queen; Possibly indicating that Tiye was deified during her lifetime.  Fragmentary funerary mask of Queen Tiye?
Part of the Ägyptisches Museum collection in Berlin.
 Head of a Small Statue of Queen Tiye found in the Sinai Found in the Temple of Hathor in the Sinai.  Statue of Queen Tiye at Mut Tempel in Karnak Discovered in 2006 by the Johns Hopkins team. Reinscribed for Queen Henuttawy (22nd dynasty) guardians.net/.../ discovering_queen_tiye.htm i. Wooden boxes with name of Amenhotep III and Tiye found in Medinet el-Gurob, Louvre E 11044 and11045 ii. Stirrup ring with the name of Queen Tiye Louvre E 64 iii. Faience Kohl tube with name of Queen Tiye Louvre N 818 iv. Wooden double Kohl Tube with the names of Amenhotep III and Tiye, Louvre N 811 v. Yellow faience vase with name of Amenhotep III and Tiye, Louvre E 4877 Amarna PeriodAmarna Letters mentioning Tiye: I. A Letter from Tushratta to Tiye; EA 26 To Tiye Lady of Egypt. Thus speaks Tushratta, King of Mitanni Everything is well with me. May everything be well with you. May everything go well for your house, your son, may everything be perfectly well for your soldiers and for everything belonging to you. <...> (adapted from http://www.touregypt.net/amarna8.htm) II.
Opening of a Letter from Tushratta to
Akhenaten, King of Egypt Shrine stela of Amenhotep III and Queen
Tiye from the house of Panehesy, Amarna. A. Lintel of facade: Amenhotep IV and Tiye before the Gods i. The King: The Good god, Neferkheperure-Waenre, the Son of Re, Amenhotep IV, Long in his lifetime, given life like Re. ii. The Queen: The God's Mother and King's Chief Wife Tiye, may she live and be young. iii. The Gods: Re-Horakhty, the Great god, Lord of Heaven Maat, the daughter of Re Atum, Lord of Heliopolis, as he gives all life, all health, all joy, all provisions. [Hathor], Chieftainess of Thebes. B. South Side of Entrance passage: Amenhotep IV offering to Amenhotep III and Tiye (Murnane W.J., Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt) Inscriptions from the Royal Tomb in
Amarna:  Banquet Scene in the tomb of Huya Tomb
of the
Steward of Queen Tiye, Huya from Amarna  C. East Wall: Akhenaten Leads Tiye into
her sunshade (mortuary
temple)  D. North Wall, Lintel of Door. The
right panel shows Amenhotep
III, Tiye and Baketaten. The
Shrine of Queen Tiye found in KV55 Last edited: March 2007 |
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Comments: email barta@slu.edu |
