Ancient Egypt |
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by Anneke Bart
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![]() Kings and Queens 11th dynasty
Mentuhotep I Intef I Sehertawy Intef II Wahankh Intef III Nakhtnebtepnefer Mentuhotep II Nebhepetre Mentuhotep III Sankhare Mentuhotep IV Nebtawyre 12th dynasty Amenemhat I (Sehetepibre) Senusret I Kheperkare Amenemhat (II) Nubkaure Senusret (II) Khakheperre Senusret (III) Khakaure Amenemhat (III) Nimaatre Amenemhat (IV) Maakherure Queen Sobeknefru Sobekkare 18th dynasty Ahmose Amenhotep I Tuthmosis I Tuthmosis II Queen Hatshepsut Tuthmosis III Amenhotep II Tuthmosis IV Amenhotep III Queen Tiye Akhenaten Queen Nefertiti inscriptions Queen Nefertiti. Queen Kiya Smenkhare Tutankhamen Aye Horemheb 19th dynasty Ramesses I Sety I Queen Mut-Tuya, Ramses II Queen Nefertari Queen Isetnofret Queen Bint-Anath Queen Merytamen Queen Henutmire Queen Nebettawy Prince Khaemwaset Temples - Ramesses II Merneptah Seti II, Amenmesse, Siptah, and Tawosret 20th dynasty Sethnakht Ramesses III Ramesses IV - XI Cleopatra VII Philopator Old Kingdom Queens (Dyn 1-6) Middle Kingdom Queens (Dyn 11-13) New Kingdom Queens (Dyn 16-20) ![]() Officials, Priesthood etc. Viziers (New Kingdom)
High Priests of Amun God's Wives of Amun High Priests of Ptah Viceroys of Nubia Who's who of New Kingdom ![]() Amarna Period Akhenaten
Queen Nefertiti inscriptions Queen Nefertiti. Queen Kiya Smenkhare Tutankhamen Tombs at Amarna Houses at Amarna ![]() Tombs: Valley
of the Kings,
Valley of the Queens Theban Tombs, Tombs at Abydos Tombs at El Kab Tombs in Aswan Early dynastic Saqqara New Kingdom Saqqara The Unis Cemetary ![]() Mastabas at the Giza Plateau Giza
Mastabas 1000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 2000 cemetary Giza Mataba 2300 cemetary Giza Mastaba 4000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 5000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 6000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 7000 cemetary ![]() Mummy Caches ![]() |
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The Mummy Cache found in DB320By Anneke Bart The tomb may have been discovered as early as 1860 by the Rassul brothers. When objects from the tomb began appearing on the market an investigation was made, and after torturing the Rassul brothers one of them revealed the location of the tomb. The tomb had to be excavated in haste to prevent further plunder by the locals. The mummies had been collected and reburied possibly in the 7th or 8th year of Psusennes I, and more reburials may date to the time of Shoshenk I. Below is a list of mummies from DB320. The numbers refer to the catalogue numbers they received. Links are provided to the Theban Mummy Project pages which include photographs and information about the mummies. Ikram and Dodson refer to a recent examination of the wound behind the king's ear which revealed that this injury had started to heal prior to the king's death, and therefore indicated that Seqnenre-Taa II had received it well in advance of the time when the other wounds to his head were inflicted. They mention the possibility that the king may have been injured in battle, and then assassinated while he was still recuperating. Seqenenre-Tao was ca 1.70 m tall(5ft 7in) and had thick curly black hair. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm#Seqnenre-Taa%20II This mummy has been confused in the literature with that of Meryt-Amon II ,the daughter of Ahmose I and the wife of the 18th Dynasty king Amenhotep I. The mummy of Merytamen II was found in TT358.Her mummy indicates that she died in her thirties. To further confuse the issue, Merytamen II was mistaken for another Merytamen who was a wife of Amenhotep II. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Ahmose-Meryetamen No 61053
Ahmose-Inhapi daughter of
Senakhtenre-Tao I and the wife of Seqenenre-Tao II. Ahmose-Inhapi was
ca 1.69 m tall (5ft 6 1/3in). She is described as a stout youngish
woman. The mummification techniques used on Inhapi bears some
resemblance to those used for her husband Seqenenre Tao.
As
in
the case of Seqnenre-Taa II, aromatic powdered wood had also been
sprinkled
over Inhapi's body. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm#Ahmose-Inhapi No 61054 Lady Rai
was supposedly a (wet-)nurse of Ahmose-Nofretari. Lady Rai was a
youngish woman who stood only 1.51 m tall (4ft 11 1/2 in). Her mummy is
in very
good shape. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Rai No 61055
Ahmose-Nefertari died at ca 70
years of age. Ahmose Nefertari was the daughter of Sequenenre
Tao and Queen Ahhotep. She was married to Ahmose and the mother of
Amenhotep I. She was ca 1.61 tall (5ft 3 1/3 in) http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Ahmose-Nofretari No 61056
Unknown Woman B (Tetisheri?) This lady was a
white haired, partially bald petite lady. She would have stood 1.57 m
tall (5
ft 1 3/4 in). Tetisheri was the daughter of the nobleman Tjenna and his
wife Neferu. She was the wife of Senachtenre Tao I and the mother of
Seqenenre Tao II and Queen Ahhotep. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm No 61057
Ahmose I died age ca 35
-
40. He stood about 1.64 m tall (5ft 4 1/3 in). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Amosis No 61058
Amenhotep I Died in his
40s.
The son of Ahmose and Queen Ahmose Nefertari was the second king of the
18th Dynasty. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Aeighteen.htm#Amenhotep%20I No 61059
Siamun (2nd)
son of Ahmose. Siamun died as a young child, and the mummy consists of
a
collection of bones. No 61060
Sitamun daughter of
Ahmose. This mummy consists of a bundle of reeds surmounted by a skull.
She is
probably a daughter of Ahmose and Ahmose-Nefertari. She held the title
of GodÕs Wife. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Sitamun No 61061
Ahmose-Henttimehu, probably a
daughter of Seqenenre-Taa
II
and Ahmose-Inhapi. She was an old woman at the time of her death and
must have lived into
the reign of Ahmose. She stood a little over 1.52 m (4ft 11 3/4 in).
She
was a King's Sister and King's Wife (of Ahmose). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm#Ahmose-Henttimehu No 61062
Ahmose-Henttempet (Henutemipet?) is thought to
be
a daughter of Seqenenre-Taa II and Ahhotep I. She would have been
a
sister of King Ahmose. She reached an advanced age and must have lived
into
the reign of Ahmose. She stood ca 1.61m tall (5ft 3 1/2 in) http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm#Ahmose-Hentempet No 61063
Ahmose-Sitkamose, Perhaps a
daughter of Kamose..She would have been ca 1.62 m tall (5 ft 7 3/4 in).
Possibly
received the title of God's Wife posthumously. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/17A.htm#Ahmose-Sitkamose No 61064 Ahmose Sipair. A son of Ahmose
and his sister-wife Ahmose Nefertari. This peculiar mummy
looks very distorted. The skin and only some of the bones remain.
http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Early18.htm#Sipair No 61065
Ahmose-Sipairi (or Tuthmosis I)? maybe someone
else? Maspero thought he was over 50 at time of death, but recently
examinations have shown he was only approximately 20 years old.. One
recent theory,
as noted by Ikram and Dodson, proposes that this mummy is
actually
that of Ahmose-Sipairi, the alleged father of Tuthmosis I. This man
stood
ca 1.55 m tall (5ft 3/4in). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Aeighteen.htm#Tuthmosis%20I No 61066
Tuthmosis II Son of
Tuthmosis
I and Queen Mutnofret. Tuthmosis II was married to Hatshepsut and was
the
father of her daughter Neferure. Died age 25-30? Smith noted that
Tuthmosis
II was practically bald and that the skin of his face was wrinkled,
facts
which made him conclude that the king was older than 30 when he died.
No
obvious cause of death was found during the examination of the mummy,
but
Maspero, Smith, Ikram and Dodson all report that the ruler's skin
is
covered with scab-like patches that may be symptomatic of some as-yet
unknown disease which may have claimed his life. Smith, however,
thought that the skin eruptions could have been caused post mortem by reactions of
the tissues with the embalming materials. He stood ca 1.68 m tall (5ft
6 1/3in). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Aeighteen.htm#Tuthmosis%20II No 61067
Unknown Man C. This
individual was fairly tall for his time. He would have been ca 1.74
tall (5 ft 8 1/2 in). His remains were found in the coffin of a scribe
named
Nebseni. This man in his late middle age was most likely a high ranking
official from the early 18th dynasty. Some have speculated
that
this could be Senenmut (there is no evidence for that identification
however). No 61068
Tuthmosis III died at ca 65
years of age. He was the son of Tuthmosis II and Queen Iset. He stood
ca 1.68
m tall (5ft 6 1/3in). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/Aeighteen.htm#Tuthmosis%20III No 61076
Unknown Woman (Bakt?) These remains
belong to a young woman of about 21 years. Tentatively dated to the 18th
dynasty. No 61077 Seti
I He was the son
of
Ramses I and Sitre (or Tiy). The mummy of
Seti
I indicates that he was in his sixties when he died. The man may have
died from complications resulting from a severe ear infection. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages2/19A.htm#Seti%20I No 61078
Ramesses II He was the son
of Seti I and Queen Mut-Tuy. He died in his 80s http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages2/19A.htm#Ramesses%20II No 61083
Ramesses III He was the son
of Sethnakht and Tiye-Merenesse. He died at ca 65 years of age. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages2/20A.htm#Ramesses%20III Her coffins, canopic chests and two books of the Dead were found with her. The age of Nodjmet at death is thought to have been between thirty and thirty-five. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm Her coffins, a papyrus, and shabtis were found with her. Her body was accompanied by the mummy of her pet-baboon (which at some point was erroneously thought to be the body of an infant). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Maatkare-Mutemhet Embalmers had packed the skin with a mixture of sawdust and resin to give the mummy a more life-like appearance. The skin had unfortunately ruptured due to this process. Dr. Iskander restored the mummy to its original form. (See link on page below.) http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Duathathor-Henttawy-A She had white hair, which indicates she died an elderly woman. Her canopic jars were also found in the tomb. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Tayuheret A fragment of a letter may indicate that Masaharta fell ill and died at El-Hiba. His mummy is now in the Museum of Mummification at Luxor. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Masaharta Her coffins, canopics and other funerary equipment were buried with her. A much earlier set of her coffins were reused for the burial of Nesikhonsu (see below). DB320 may be her original place of burial. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21B.htm#Isiemkheb-D http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Pinudjem%20II Buried in DB320 in year 5 of Siamun. Her burial included a religious decree that was to ensure her well-being in the next world, as well as prevent her from doing harm to her husband and children from there (!). Her children include Tjanefer (II), Masaharta (III), Itawy and Nesitanebtashru. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21B.htm#Neskhons Named in the religious decree of her mother. Mummy found with coffins and shabtis. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21B.htm#Nestanebtishru No 61097 Djedptahiufankh "Fourth(?)
Prophet of Amen-Re, King's son of Ramesses" Possibly husband of
Nestanebtishru
Names and titles on coffins, and texts of mummy cloths give the dates
of
Years 10 and 11 of Shoshenq I, and of his son Iuput A(?) (First Prophet
of Amen-Re, General). http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21B.htm#Djedptahiufankh No 61098
Unknown man E This man was ca
1.71 m tall (5 ft 7 1/4 in). The man was not embalmed and sown into a
sheepskin. He must have been a youngish man as his teeth were only
slightly worn.
No better date than "New Kingdom" has been given. Speculation about the
identity of this individual has varied from Prince Zannanza to Prince
Pentaweret. http://www.geocities.com/royalmummies/ManE/ManE.htm Ramesses IX was originally buried in KV6. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages2/20A.htm#Ramesses%20IX He was the son of Piankh, General and High Priest of Amen, and Nodjmet. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/21A.htm#Pinudjem%20I No Number assigned: Ramesses I ?
The mummy is
that
of a man 1.60 m. tall who died between 35 and 45 years of age. The body
had
been very well preserved using embalming techniques typical of the late
18'th-early 19'th Dynasties. The man may have died from complications
resulting from a severe ear infection. http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages2/19A.htm#Ramesses%20I Nebseny was a father of a Queen Tentamen, father-in-law of a King Ramesses XI, and likely the grandfather of another Queen, named Henuttawy (wife of Pinudjem I). Sources/Suggested
reading: 1. Bolton, I. The
Royal Cache of Mummies Website: 2. Dodson A. and
Hilton D. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, London 2004 3. Forbes, D.C.,
Tombs, treasures, mummies: Seven great discoveries of Egyptian
archaeology, KMT
Communications, 1998 4. Miller, W. M.
The Theban Royal Mummy Project. The website: http://members.tripod.com/anubis4_2000/mummypages1/introduction.htm |
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Comments: email barta@slu.edu |